Chopin is a popular local colorist in her life. She is now recognized as an important figure in American novels in the 19th century and an important figure in feminist literature. Born in St. Louis on February 8, 1851. Louis, Missouri, she is the daughter of the famous businessman Thomas O'Flaherty and Eliza Faris. Her most famous work, The Awakening [1899], depicts a woman seeking sexual freedom in the oppressive society of the Victorian southern United States.
In her literary career, Kate Chopin explored the dangerous new world like her fictional actress. She creates female roles, tests the limits of women's acceptable behavior, and explores the psychological and social consequences of their behavior and desires. They were forced to make existential choices based on their few ways of creating and maintaining autonomy outside of their wives and mothers in the southern United States at the end of the nineteenth century. Chopin's protagonist tries to physically or mentally transcend these limitations, but often encounters bleak results. Chopin does not guarantee that her role is an admirable place in society, but she portrays them in a dignified and compassionate way.
Kate Chopin started her writing career and created a victorious female artist, Paula von Stolz, who seems to be a projection of the author's own ambitions. "Smarter than God," Chopin's first story was accepted for publication, depicting the determination of female artists in an extremely confident way. The central conflict of this story involves Paula's dilemma. After her mother's death, she received a proposal from George Brainard, a charismatic man who must choose a comfortable traditional marriage and career as a pianist. . She spent her right to prepare for this life.
The purpose of this paper is to study the important feminist concepts and concepts in the story of "Second Smarter than God" based on Simone Beauvoir's "Second Gender" feminist theory, such as "marriage", "identity" and "female image" ". .
One. Marriage
In an early short story "Smarter than God," Chopin introduced the marriage system as a choice rather than an absolute problem into the lives of young women. The foreword to this story is the ominous Latin proverb "Even for God, there is little glory for love and cleverness" [241]. Obviously, in this story, love and wisdom will be mutually exclusive entities, and people must choose between the two. Mary E. Papke said in the story, "Chopin separates mind/body [...]" [38]. The story is centered on Paula, a beautiful young woman and a gifted pianist. She managed to avoid romantic love and focus on her dream of music career until she met George. George loves her very much and wants to marry her. In her life, she first felt contradictory about her future.
Paula began to succumb to George's feelings: "She feels so comforted in a strong protective negligence" [246]. However, she refused to marry George, claiming that marriage "does not meet the purpose of my life" [249] - a shocking revelation. George does not understand Paula's ambition and enthusiasm for her music and its role in her life. According to Martha J. Cutter, "Maybe the language is not important at all - she succeeded without it. But Paula kept discovering that she tried to explain her needs and did not hear it at all; even her mother told her not to do this." paula Trying to explain to him how important this is to her, and ask him to say: "Don't you feel with me? Is it more precious than life, not wealth, even more important than love?" 249 George to her "The eager declaration and answer are amazed," Paula, listen to me; don't talk like a mad woman. "Obviously, George made a social perspective about marriage, and Paula's description is based on her soberly aware that if she Become George's wife, she will lose herself.
Although she did not marry George, Paula asserted that she had married her, but she could have given up her music, which was true for the woman he had married in history. Although his new wife is an avid dancer, she "gives up the bankruptcy of Virginia because it is incompatible with the wife and the serious office of marriage" [250]. Although the lady wanted to give up her love for dance, Paula should have given up her music. Here, the author points out the irony of marriage. Instead of the wife's role to convey pure social and family female marriage, it will be the definition and unique identity she will have again. According to Papke, "Paula [...] chose to follow her life purpose, although she was regarded as a crazy woman by George and his type, making herself crazy. The author thinks Paula is smarter than God. "[39]. However, Paula did make a lot of sacrifices. Her life relies entirely on her rational, rational side, which actually ignores her inner heart and desire.
Bay identity
"Smarter than God," Chopin's first story was accepted for publication, depicting the determination of female artists in an extremely confident way [p. 2]. The original part of the story presents some general facts and information about Paula's role as an artist who worships music.
These clues from the beginning indicate that music merges with Paula's role and gives her an identity. Obviously, through music, she can show herself and she can draw attention from people around – whether at parties, in society or in town. These magnificent abilities can support Paula and distinguish her from girls who lack this talent.
It is worth noting that from the first few lines of the story, Chopin also introduced Paula as a character. Music is the soul of Paula's body. In this way, Chopin presents both music and Paula as important elements of the story.
The central conflict of this story involves Paula's dilemma. After her mother's death, she received a proposal from George Brainard, a charismatic man who must choose a comfortable traditional marriage and career as a pianist. . She spent her right to prepare for this life. Here, Gorge's appearance made Paula think of friendship, affection and relationship with the opposite sex. Therefore, at some point after becoming familiar with George, Paula described him as a handsome gentleman and compared him to other men. And recognize that George is superior to them in appearance and appearance. "He is different from any man she knows... she can now think of no positive views against him" [246]. This feeling of women inevitably exists in women. Nature will not let Paula yield. Paula does not want to sacrifice and destroy her freedom and the identity she has experienced through the hard practice in music. After her mother died, she became more focused on music, which is a symbol of her true self and autonomy. She prefers a dream world that belongs to art and music, not to the real and patriarchal world of George and his society. She believes that living in a time without music is equal to extinction, destruction and "deterioration" [248]. But George wants Paula to give up her musical call for "love labor" [248]. He proposed to her, never fully understood her love of art, or realized that this might conflict with her dedication to men. Paula, who sheltered George, was very excited about his request, but realized that they had to be separated. She does not allow George to separate her from her identity; even if she understands that George is tempting her, she will praise him and "don't seduce me again" [249]. That's why when George asked her to answer if she was beating him, she couldn't answer him confidently. She asked George to give her a week of thinking. George thinks he is the subject ''absolute'; for him, Paula is 'other'not self' who can have an independent identity, can Decide to marry or stay single. He could not understand Paula because her character was hard to detect and unclear to him and his society. When Paula said that marriage has no place and no place in her life, he never understands; because George's society is occupied by girls and women who are eager to propose or marry them like George; so he said "Bola listens to me; don't talk like a mad woman" [249].
George suddenly saw a person different from the girl he knew. Paula began to talk about her life purpose with her "female nature caused by her father" [249]. Paula has a warm defense of her art and she knows she can't understand:
How do you know my life, she shouted enthusiastically. ' What can you guess? Is music more important to you than any happy distraction at idle moments? Don't you feel with me, does it bleed through my blood vessels? Is it more precious than life, not wealth, even more important than love? [249]
George's answer to this - "Don't talk like a mad woman" - shows his incomprehension and his belief that a woman is so passionate about her artistic pursuits, especially the sacrifice of her potential husband, must be crazy. Until now, he realized that Paula was only the daughter of an immature daughter of an American woman [249].
In the absence of male muse, Paula's ability has improved; and her loneliness and seclusion are often seen as the last revolution in society, but she refuses to provide her with acceptable...
Orignal From: A Feminist Study of Kate Chopin's Short Story "Feminism Beyond God"
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