When considering that pathological eating disorders and related diseases are now afflicting more people than malnutrition on a global scale, some experts in the medical field now claim that the world's number one health problem is no longer heart disease or cancer, but obesity. disease. According to the World Health Organization [June 2005] report, "Obes have reached epidemic proportions worldwide, over 1 billion adults are overweight – at least 300 million of them have clinical obesity – and are the main cause of chronic diseases worldwide. The reason is that coexistence with undernutrition often occurs in developing countries. Obesity is a complex disease with serious social and psychological dimensions that affects all ages and socioeconomic groups. "US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [June 2005] The report said "In the past 20 years, the obesity of adults in the United States has increased significantly. According to the latest data from the National Center for Health Statistics, 30% of American adults aged 20 and over - more than 60 million people - are obese. This growth is not limited to adults. The proportion of overweight young people has more than tripled since 1980. Of the 6-19 year old children and adolescents, 16% nt [more than 9 million young people] are considered overweight.
Morbid obesity is a condition described as 100 pounds. Or exceed the ideal body weight, or the body mass index [BMI] is equal to or greater than 30. Obesity alone can increase the risk of a variety of other metabolic factors such as high blood pressure. Insulin resistance, and / or abnormal cholesterol levels, are associated with poor diet and lack of exercise. The sum is greater than the part. Each metabolic problem is a separate risk for other diseases, but they together increase the chances of life-threatening diseases such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes and stroke. Up to 30.5% of countries and/or adults have morbid obesity, and two-thirds or 66% of adults are overweight by a body mass index [BMI] greater than 25. Considering that the US population now exceeds 290,000,000, it is estimated that as many as 73 million Americans can benefit from some type of educational awareness and/or treat pathological eating disorders or food addiction. Often, when problems involving weight and/or eating habits [eg, overeating, eating, drinking, clearing and/or over-diet and calories, etc.] cause them to be ashamed, guilty when eating patterns are considered morbid. The symptoms associated with depression and anxiety are embarrassing, and these symptoms are functionally responsible for severe maladaptive social and/or occupational disadvantages.
We must consider that some people rely on certain life-functioning activities. For example, diet may be as life-threatening as drug addiction, and it has the same social and psychological damage as alcoholism. Some people do have hormones or metabolic disorders, but most obese people consume more calories than they burn when they over-controlled overeating food addiction. Super-obesity caused by rude, habitual overeating is thought to be more of a problem found in those deep-rooted personality disorders that involve loss of control over an appetite [Orford, 1985]. Part of the gluttony disorder is characterized by the inability of people to stop or control how much or how much a person eats [DSM-IV-TR, 2000]. Lienard and Vamecq [2004] proposed a "self-addictive" hypothesis of pathological eating disorders. "The eating disorder is associated with abnormal levels of endorphins and is clinically similar to psychotropic substance abuse," they report. Recently, some aspects of normal, pathological, and experimental eating habits [food restrictions] have demonstrated endorphins. The key role. Combined with stress, hyperactivity. "They report that the pathological management of eating disorders can lead to two extreme situations: inadequate intake [anorexia] and excessive intake [buzzler]."
Comorbidity and mortality
Addiction and other mental disorders are usually not developed in isolation. The National Symbiosis Survey [NCS], which sampled the entire US population in 1994, found that about 50% of uninstitutional American male and female adolescents and adults [15-54 years] had diagnosable Axis. I mental illness. The time in their lives. The results of the survey indicate that 35% of men will be aborted at a certain time in their lives to qualify for a mental disorder diagnosis, and nearly 25% of women will be eligible for severe emotional disorders [mainly severe depression]. An important finding of the NCS study is the prevalence of comorbidities in the diagnosed disease. It specifically found that 56% of respondents with at least one disease history also had two or more diseases. These people with a history of three or more comorbidities are estimated to be one-sixth of the US population, or about 43 million [Kessler, 1994].
McGinnis and Foege [1994] report that "the most prominent cause of mortality in the United States in 1990 was tobacco [estimated 400,000 deaths], diet and activity patterns [300,000], alcohol [100,000], microbial preparations [90,000], toxic substances. [60,000], firearms [35,000], sex [30,000], motor vehicles [25,000] and illegal use of drugs [20,000]. The main reason for recognizing preventable morbidity and mortality is the dangerous behavioral lifestyle, US Preventive Services The working group set out to study behavioral counseling interventions in health care institutions [Williams & Wilkins, 1996].
Poor prognosis
We are beginning to realize today that the treatment of lifestyle diseases and addiction is often a difficult and frustrating task for all concerned. Even with the most effective treatment strategies, all addictions will fail repeatedly. However, why 47% of patients treated in private treatments [for example] relapse within the first year after treatment [Gorski, T., 2001]? Are addiction experts conditionally accepting failure as a normal state? There are many reasons for this poor prognosis. Some people claim that addiction is psychologically induced and maintained in a semi-balanced force field that drives and constrains multidimensional forces. Others will say that failure is simply due to lack of self-motivation or strength. Most people will agree that lifestyle behavioral addiction is a serious health risk that deserves our attention, but it may be due to the lack of diagnostic tools and the lack of diagnostic tools and resources that lead to the diagnosis of multiple addicted patients [single dependence] And assessing the complexity of patients with multiple addictions?
Diagnostic description
To date, DSM-IV-TR has not yet diagnosed the complexity of multiple behavioral and substance addictions. For people who repeatedly used at least three groups of substances within the same 12 months, it retained a multi-substance-dependent diagnosis, but the criteria for this diagnosis did not involve any behavioral behavioral symptoms. In the psychological factors affecting medical conditions [DSM-IV-TR, 2000]; maladaptive health behaviors [eg, overeating, unsafe sex, excessive drinking and drug use, etc.] only seriously affect medical or mental illness The treatment process will be listed on axis I.
Because successful treatment outcomes depend on comprehensive assessments, accurate diagnosis, and comprehensive personalized treatment plans, it is difficult to repeat rehabilitation failures and low success rates in the addiction field when the latest DSM-IV-, not the exception. TR does not even include the diagnosis of multiple addictive behavioral disorders. Therapeutic clinics need a treatment planning system and referral network that can comprehensively assess multiple addiction and mental health conditions and related treatment needs, and provide a comprehensive education/awareness, prevention strategy group and/or specific Addiction treatment services. A variety of addictions. Written treatment goals and goals should be defined for each individual addiction and dimension of the individual. Life, expected performance outcomes or completion criteria should be clearly stated, based on behavior [visible activity] and measurable.
New recommended diagnosis
Assist in solving limited DSM-IV-TRs' diagnostic capabilities, multi-dimensional diagnosis of "multi-behavioral addiction", and presenting more accurate diagnoses leading to more effective treatment plans. This diagnosis includes the broadest categories of addictive diseases, including individuals who exhibit a combination of drug abuse addiction, and behavioral patterns of addiction to other compulsive behaviors such as pathological gambling, religion, and/or sex/eroticity. Behavioral addiction and alcohol and substance abuse are equally destructive in both psychological and social terms. Their behavior, etiology and resistance to treatment are comparable to other lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure and heart disease. They are progressive diseases involving compulsive thinking and compulsive behavior. They are also characterized by concerns about ongoing or regular loss of control, and...
Orignal From: Pathological eating disorders and multi-behavioral addiction
No comments:
Post a Comment